What is Bilateral Stimulation? Understanding the Core of EMDR
One of the most transformative tools I use in my practice is bilateral stimulation (BLS). Whether working with clients in person or online, BLS plays a central role in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), helping individuals process and heal from distressing memories or experiences.
But what exactly is BLS? How does it work? And why is it so effective? I’ll break down the concept of bilateral stimulation, explain its role in EMDR, and share how I use it with clients—whether through hand movements in person or using online tools in virtual sessions.
What is Bilateral Stimulation?
Bilateral stimulation is the process of alternately engaging the left and right sides of the brain through sensory input. This can be done in several ways, such as:
Eye movements: Following the therapist’s hand or a moving object back and forth.
Tactile stimulation: Tapping alternately on each side of the body (e.g., hands, knees).
Auditory stimulation: Listening to alternating tones in each ear through headphones.
In essence, BLS involves a rhythmic pattern that activates both hemispheres of the brain. It’s the “engine” of EMDR therapy, facilitating the brain’s natural ability to process and integrate information (Shapiro, 2001).
How Does Bilateral Stimulation Work?
When we experience trauma, our brain’s processing system can become overwhelmed. Instead of filing the memory away as a past event, the memory gets “stuck,” along with the emotions, physical sensations, and negative beliefs associated with it .
Bilateral stimulation helps “unstick” these memories. Here’s how:
1. Engages Both Sides of the Brain
BLS stimulates both hemispheres of the brain, promoting communication between them. This is thought to mimic the brain’s natural processing during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, when memories are consolidated and integrated (Stickgold, 2002).
2. Reduces Emotional Intensity
As the brain processes the memory with the help of BLS, the emotional charge tied to the memory diminishes. Over time, the memory feels less distressing and more like a neutral event from the past (Shapiro, 2001).
3. Facilitates Cognitive Shifts
BLS also supports cognitive shifts. Clients often find that new, more adaptive perspectives emerge naturally as they process the memory (Jeffries & Davis, 2013). For example, a belief like “I am powerless” might shift to “I have control over my choices.”
How I Use Bilateral Stimulation in Therapy
As a therapist, I adapt BLS to meet the needs of each client and the setting we’re working in. Here’s how I typically use it:
In-Person BLS
In face-to-face sessions, I often use hand movements for BLS. This involves having the client follow my hand with their eyes as I move it back and forth in front of them. Hand movements are a simple yet effective way to engage both sides of the brain.
For clients who prefer a more tactile approach, I might use tapping—lightly tapping their hands or knees in an alternating pattern.
Online BLS
For virtual sessions, I use tools and techniques specifically designed for online EMDR. These might include:
Visual tools: A moving object or light bar on the screen that the client tracks with their eyes.
Auditory tools: Alternating tones delivered through headphones.
Self-tapping: Guiding clients to tap alternately on their own shoulders, knees, or hands.
Online BLS is highly effective, and clients often find it just as impactful as in-person sessions (Perri, 2021). I make sure to explain the process, provide clear guidance, and adjust the pacing to ensure the client feels comfortable and supported throughout.
Why is Bilateral Stimulation So Effective?
BLS works because it taps into the brain’s innate ability to heal. Here are a few reasons why it’s such a powerful tool:
Supports Safety: BLS creates a structured and predictable rhythm, which helps clients feel grounded even when exploring distressing memories (Shapiro, 2001).
Facilitates Natural Processing: By engaging both hemispheres, BLS helps the brain “digest” the memory in a way that feels manageable (Stickgold, 2002).
Encourages Insight: Clients often notice new thoughts, feelings, or perspectives emerging during BLS, leading to meaningful shifts in self-understanding (Jeffries & Davis, 2013).
What Does Bilateral Stimulation Feel Like?
Clients often describe BLS as a unique but comfortable experience. You may notice:
A sense of focus or calm as you track the movement or rhythm.
Shifts in emotions, such as a gradual lessening of distress or a sense of relief.
New insights or memories coming to the surface naturally.
Everyone experiences BLS differently, but the process is always tailored to your needs. My role is to guide you through it in a way that feels safe, supportive, and effective.
In Conclusion: The Power of Bilateral Stimulation
Bilateral stimulation is at the heart of EMDR, and for good reason—it’s a simple yet profound way to help the brain process trauma and promote healing. Whether I’m guiding you through hand movements in person or using online tools, my focus is always on creating a space where you can feel safe, empowered, and supported in your healing journey.
Curious about how EMDR and BLS could help you? Let’s connect. Healing is possible, and I’d be honored to work with you on your path to growth and transformation.
References
Jeffries, F. W., & Davis, P. (2013). What is the role of eye movements in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy? A review of research. European Review of Applied Psychology, 63(4), 213-223.
Leeds, A. M. (2016). A Guide to the Standard EMDR Therapy Protocols for Clinicians, Supervisors, and Consultants. Springer Publishing Company.
Perri, A. J. (2021). EMDR therapy in a virtual setting: Is it effective? Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 15(2), 113-124.
Shapiro, F. (2001). Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR): Basic Principles, Protocols, and Procedures. Guilford Press.
Stickgold, R. (2002). EMDR: A putative neurobiological mechanism of action. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(1), 61-75.
